background: refers to those aspects of a stage or picture most remote from the viewer against or in front of which the actions or figures are set: city streets visible in the ~; and by extension often refers to the circumstances or events that precede a phenomenon or development: a ~ that prepared her well for the task.


setting: describes the time, place and conditions in which the characters act in a literature, art or drama: chose a 19th century ~ for her novel; and suggests one is looking at a real-life situation as though it were a dramatic or literary presentation: a reformist who was born into the most unlikely ~.


environment: applies to all the external factors that have a formative influence on one's physical, mental or moral development: the kind of ~ that produces juvenile delinquents.


milieu: applies especially to the physical and social surrounding of a person or a group: an intellectual ~ conducive to bold experimentation in arts.    (surrounding有时也翻译成环境)


mise-en-scene: strongly suggests the use of properties to achieve a particular atmosphere or theatrical effect: a tale of occult with a crafted ~.


background背景: 舞台图片中离观众最远的部分，演员在此之前表演，扩展为某事发生前的情况事件，setting也是背景: 文艺作品中人物所处的时间地点等状况，表示将现实生活和文艺作品做类比，environment环境: 各种外部因素，影响身心发展，milieu也是环境: 多指物质和社会环境，mise-en-scene背景: 用道具实现氛围或舞台效果


记忆方法: 1) BSEMM首字母联想，不适宜美梦<==背景环境很不好

          2) 背景的意思是事件发生的地点时间状况mean the space, time, and circumstances in which something occurs